Uglješa is the Director of Higher Education Programs at the Center for Educational Technologies Western Balkans.

Since September 2015, he has been appointed as an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad. He has taught and teaches courses in Electronic Business, Strategic Management, Project Cost Management, and Business Strategies (MBA). In addition to teaching in Novi Sad, he has conducted exercises in graduate and postgraduate studies at Bloomsburg University in Pennsylvania on subjects including Introduction to Information Technologies and Management Information Systems. He worked as an Assistant Manager at the Cisco Entrepreneurship Institute in Novi Sad from 2008 to 2013, after which he participated in establishing the Distance Learning Laboratory at the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management. Since January 2015, he has been selected as a member of the expert team in the thematic group “National ICT and Online Learning Group” representing the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia within the framework of the EU’s Open Method of Coordination in Education and Training. He defended his doctoral thesis in 2015 titled “Development of a collaboration system model and its impact on enterprise organizational performance.” He completed a two-year specialization in the United States, earning an MBA, and conducted research as part of the CEEPUS international exchange at Technikum University in Vienna, CAMPUS02 University in Graz, and spent a month at City University in London in 2012 under the Erasmus Mundus program EM2STEM. During his doctoral studies, he completed a one-year specialization at the University of Warsaw under the Erasmus Mundus EM2SIGMA program during the 2013/2014 academic year. After defending his doctoral thesis, he undertook a six-month post-doctoral program, EM2SIGMAAgile mobility program, at City University in London. As an Associate Professor, he has taught at Kaunas University of Technology in Lithuania, CAMPUS02 University in Austria, Penn State University in the USA, and the Technical University of Krakow in Poland.

Uglješa served as an Advisor to the Minister for Innovation in the Government of the Republic of Serbia from June to November 2018.

Since June 2019, he has been serving as the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management.